标签： Arduino

之前的很多实验都有一个奇怪的显现，开出了2个模拟窗口，只有一个上面有显示。琢磨了一下，猜测是因为只打开了一个设备上面的Protocol，于是用命令查看了一下有Graphics 的 Protocol，发现有三个（模拟环境下）

之前我们的代码都是用 gBS->LocateProtocol 打开的，这个函数的意思是“是从内核中找出指定Protocol的第一个实例。”【参考1】

gBS->LocateProtocol(&GraphicsOutputProtocolGuid, NULL, (VOID **) &GraphicsOutput);

我们遇到问题就是【参考1】中提到的：“UEFI内核中某个Protocol的实例可能不止一个，例如每个硬盘及每个分区都有一个EFI_DISK_IO_PROTOCOL实例。LocateProtocol顺序搜索HANDLE链表，返回找到的第一个该Protocol的实例。我们可以用BootServices提供的其它函数处理HANDLE和Protocol。”

编写代码如下，枚举系统中的所有实例，然后逐个打开并且调用：

#include  <Uefi.h>
#include  <Library/UefiLib.h>
#include  <Library/ShellCEntryLib.h>

#include  <stdio.h>
#include  <stdlib.h>
#include  <wchar.h>
#include  <time.h>
#include <Protocol/EfiShell.h>
#include <Library/ShellLib.h>

#include <Protocol/SimpleFileSystem.h>
#include <Protocol/BlockIo.h>
#include <Library/DevicePathLib.h>
#include <Library/HandleParsingLib.h>
#include <Library/SortLib.h>
#include <Library/MemoryAllocationLib.h>
#include <Library/BaseMemoryLib.h>

#include <Protocol/LoadedImage.h>



extern EFI_BOOT_SERVICES         *gBS;
extern EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE			 *gST;
extern EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES 	 *gRT;

extern EFI_SHELL_ENVIRONMENT2    *mEfiShellEnvironment2;
extern EFI_HANDLE				 gImageHandle;

static EFI_GUID GraphicsOutputProtocolGuid = EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_PROTOCOL_GUID;
static EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_PROTOCOL *GraphicsOutput = NULL;

//Copied from  C\MdePkg\Include\Protocol\UgaDraw.h
typedef struct {
  UINT8 Blue;
  UINT8 Green;
  UINT8 Red;
  UINT8 Reserved;
} EFI_UGA_PIXEL;


int
EFIAPI
main (                                         
  IN int Argc,
  IN char **Argv
  )
{
    EFI_STATUS    Status;
    UINTN i;
    UINTN HandleIndex;	
	EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_BLT_PIXEL FillColor;
    UINTN HandleCount;
	EFI_HANDLE   *HandleBuffer;
    //
    // Search for the shell protocol
    //
    Status = gBS->LocateHandleBuffer(
	 ByProtocol,
      &GraphicsOutputProtocolGuid,
      NULL,
	  &HandleCount,
      &HandleBuffer
     );

    Print(L"[%d] \r\n",HandleCount);
	 
	for (HandleIndex=0; HandleIndex<HandleCount;HandleIndex++)
	{
		Status = gBS -> HandleProtocol (
							HandleBuffer[HandleIndex],
							&gEfiGraphicsOutputProtocolGuid,
							(void **)&GraphicsOutput);
		if (!(EFI_ERROR(Status))) {
			for (i=0;i<100;i++) {
				FillColor.Blue=rand() % 256;
				FillColor.Red=rand() % 256;
				FillColor.Green=rand() % 256;
	
				GraphicsOutput->Blt(GraphicsOutput, &FillColor, EfiBltVideoFill,
					0, 
					0 , 
					rand() % (GraphicsOutput->Mode->Info->HorizontalResolution-100), 
					rand() % (GraphicsOutput->Mode->Info->VerticalResolution-100), 
					100, 100, 0); 
				gBS->Stall(50000);
			} // For i
		}
		else {
		    Print(L"Error @[%d] \r\n",HandleCount);
		}
	} // For HandleIndex		

  return EFI_SUCCESS;
  
}

运行结果：

可以看到现在两个窗口都会有显示。

完整代码下载：

GFXTest6

参考：

1.http://www.cppblog.com/djxzh/archive/2012/03/06/167106.html UEFI 实战(4) protocol

前面介绍了如何截图，如果把这个过程反过来，先是读取BMP文件到内存，然后重新排列RGB,再用Blt输出到Video上就是显示BMP的过程。

根据这个原理编写程序如下：

#include  <Uefi.h>
#include  <Library/UefiLib.h>
#include  <Library/ShellCEntryLib.h>

#include  <stdio.h>
#include  <stdlib.h>
#include  <wchar.h>
#include  <time.h>
#include <Protocol/EfiShell.h>
#include <Library/ShellLib.h>

#include <Protocol/SimpleFileSystem.h>
#include <Protocol/BlockIo.h>
#include <Library/DevicePathLib.h>
#include <Library/HandleParsingLib.h>
#include <Library/SortLib.h>
#include <Library/MemoryAllocationLib.h>
#include <Library/BaseMemoryLib.h>

#include <Protocol/LoadedImage.h>

#define MAX_FILE_SIZE (1024*1024*1024)

extern EFI_BOOT_SERVICES         *gBS;
extern EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE			 *gST;
extern EFI_RUNTIME_SERVICES 	 *gRT;

extern EFI_SHELL_ENVIRONMENT2    *mEfiShellEnvironment2;
extern EFI_HANDLE				 gImageHandle;

static EFI_GUID GraphicsOutputProtocolGuid = EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_PROTOCOL_GUID;
static EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_PROTOCOL *GraphicsOutput = NULL;

#pragma pack(1)

//Copied from  C\MdePkg\Include\Protocol\UgaDraw.h
typedef struct {
  UINT8 Blue;
  UINT8 Green;
  UINT8 Red;
  UINT8 Reserved;
} EFI_UGA_PIXEL;

/* This should be compatible with EFI_UGA_PIXEL */
typedef struct {
    UINT8 b, g, r, a;
} EG_PIXEL;

typedef struct {
    CHAR8         CharB;
    CHAR8         CharM;
    UINT32        Size;
    UINT16        Reserved[2];
    UINT32        ImageOffset;
    UINT32        HeaderSize;
    UINT32        PixelWidth;
    UINT32        PixelHeight;
    UINT16        Planes;       // Must be 1
    UINT16        BitPerPixel;  // 1, 4, 8, or 24
    UINT32        CompressionType;
    UINT32        ImageSize;    // Compressed image size in bytes
    UINT32        XPixelsPerMeter;
    UINT32        YPixelsPerMeter;
    UINT32        NumberOfColors;
    UINT32        ImportantColors;
} BMP_IMAGE_HEADER;

typedef struct {
    UINTN       Width;
    UINTN       Height;
    BOOLEAN     HasAlpha;
    EG_PIXEL    *PixelData;
} EG_IMAGE;
#pragma pack()



VOID egFreeImage(IN EG_IMAGE *Image)
{
    if (Image != NULL) {
        if (Image->PixelData != NULL)
            FreePool(Image->PixelData);
        FreePool(Image);
    }
}




static EFI_GUID ESPGuid = { 0xc12a7328, 0xf81f, 0x11d2, 
				{ 0xba, 0x4b, 0x00, 0xa0, 0xc9, 0x3e, 0xc9, 0x3b } };

static EFI_STATUS egFindESP(OUT EFI_FILE_PROTOCOL *RootDir)
{
    EFI_STATUS          Status;

   

    return Status;
}

//
// Basic image handling
//

EG_IMAGE * egCreateImage(IN UINTN Width, IN UINTN Height, IN BOOLEAN HasAlpha)
{
    EG_IMAGE        *NewImage;
    
    NewImage = (EG_IMAGE *) AllocatePool(sizeof(EG_IMAGE));
    if (NewImage == NULL)
        return NULL;
    NewImage->PixelData = (EG_PIXEL *) AllocatePool(
								Width * Height * sizeof(EG_PIXEL));
    if (NewImage->PixelData == NULL) {
        FreePool(NewImage);
        return NULL;
    }

    NewImage->Width = Width;
    NewImage->Height = Height;
    NewImage->HasAlpha = HasAlpha;
    return NewImage;
}

EFI_STATUS LoadFile(  IN CHAR16 *FileName,
                      IN UINT8 **FileData, 
					  IN UINTN *FileDataLength)
{
    EFI_STATUS          Status;
    EFI_FILE_HANDLE     FileHandle;
    EFI_FILE_PROTOCOL   *Root;
	EFI_SIMPLE_FILE_SYSTEM_PROTOCOL *SimpleFileSystem;
	EFI_FILE_INFO     *FileInfo = NULL;
	
    Status = gBS->LocateProtocol(
						&gEfiSimpleFileSystemProtocolGuid, 
						NULL,
						(VOID **)&SimpleFileSystem);
    if (EFI_ERROR(Status)) {
		    Print(L"Cannot find EFI_SIMPLE_FILE_SYSTEM_PROTOCOL \r\n");
            return Status;	
	}

	Status = SimpleFileSystem->OpenVolume(SimpleFileSystem, &Root);
    if (EFI_ERROR(Status)) {
		    Print(L"OpenVolume error \r\n");
            return Status;	
	}

    Status = Root->Open(
							Root, 
							&FileHandle, 
							FileName,
							EFI_FILE_MODE_READ , 
							0);
    if (EFI_ERROR(Status))
	  {
        Print(L"Error Open NULL\n");
        return Status;
	  }	

	FileInfo = ShellGetFileInfo( (SHELL_FILE_HANDLE)FileHandle);	
    Print(L"Filesize [%ld] bytes\n",FileInfo-> FileSize);
	*FileDataLength=(UINTN) FileInfo->FileSize;
	
	*FileData  = AllocatePool((UINTN) FileInfo->FileSize);
    Status = FileHandle->Read(FileHandle, FileDataLength, *FileData );
    if (EFI_ERROR(Status)) {
		Print(L"Loading file error! \n");
	}
	Print(L"Get file size [%d]!\n",*FileDataLength);
    

    FileHandle->Close(FileHandle);
    
    return Status;
}


//
// Load BMP image
//

EG_IMAGE * egDecodeBMP
	(
		IN UINT8 *FileData, 
		IN UINTN FileDataLength, 
		IN BOOLEAN WantAlpha)
{
    EG_IMAGE            *NewImage;
    BMP_IMAGE_HEADER    *BmpHeader;
    EFI_UGA_PIXEL       *BmpColorMap;
    UINTN               x, y;
    UINT8               *ImagePtr;
    UINT8               *ImagePtrBase;
    UINTN               ImageLineOffset;
    UINT8               ImageValue=0, AlphaValue;
    EG_PIXEL            *PixelPtr;
    UINTN               Index, BitIndex;

    // read and check header
    if (FileDataLength < sizeof(BMP_IMAGE_HEADER) || FileData == NULL)
        return NULL;

    BmpHeader = (BMP_IMAGE_HEADER *) FileData;
    if (BmpHeader->CharB != 'B' || BmpHeader->CharM != 'M')
        return NULL;

    if (BmpHeader->CompressionType != 0)
        return NULL;

    if (BmpHeader->BitPerPixel != 1 && BmpHeader->BitPerPixel != 4 &&
        BmpHeader->BitPerPixel != 8 && BmpHeader->BitPerPixel != 24)
        return NULL;

    // calculate parameters
    ImageLineOffset = BmpHeader->PixelWidth;
    if (BmpHeader->BitPerPixel == 24)
        ImageLineOffset *= 3;
    else if (BmpHeader->BitPerPixel == 1)
        ImageLineOffset = (ImageLineOffset + 7) >> 3;
    else if (BmpHeader->BitPerPixel == 4)
        ImageLineOffset = (ImageLineOffset + 1) >> 1;
    if ((ImageLineOffset % 4) != 0)
        ImageLineOffset = ImageLineOffset + (4 - (ImageLineOffset % 4));
    // check bounds
    if (BmpHeader->ImageOffset + 
			ImageLineOffset * BmpHeader->PixelHeight > FileDataLength)
        return NULL;
    
    // allocate image structure and buffer
    NewImage = egCreateImage(BmpHeader->PixelWidth, 
								BmpHeader->PixelHeight, WantAlpha);
    if (NewImage == NULL)
        return NULL;
    AlphaValue = WantAlpha ? 255 : 0;
    
    // convert image
    BmpColorMap = (EFI_UGA_PIXEL *)(FileData + sizeof(BMP_IMAGE_HEADER));
    ImagePtrBase = FileData + BmpHeader->ImageOffset;
    for (y = 0; y < BmpHeader->PixelHeight; y++) {
        ImagePtr = ImagePtrBase;
        ImagePtrBase += ImageLineOffset;
        PixelPtr = NewImage->PixelData + 
				(BmpHeader->PixelHeight - 1 - y) * BmpHeader->PixelWidth;
        
        switch (BmpHeader->BitPerPixel) {
            
            case 1:
                for (x = 0; x < BmpHeader->PixelWidth; x++) {
                    BitIndex = x & 0x07;
                    if (BitIndex == 0)
                        ImageValue = *ImagePtr++;
                    
                    Index = (ImageValue >> (7 - BitIndex)) & 0x01;
                    PixelPtr->b = BmpColorMap[Index].Blue;
                    PixelPtr->g = BmpColorMap[Index].Green;
                    PixelPtr->r = BmpColorMap[Index].Red;
                    PixelPtr->a = AlphaValue;
                    PixelPtr++;
                }
                break;
            
            case 4:
                for (x = 0; x <= BmpHeader->PixelWidth - 2; x += 2) {
                    ImageValue = *ImagePtr++;
                    
                    Index = ImageValue >> 4;
                    PixelPtr->b = BmpColorMap[Index].Blue;
                    PixelPtr->g = BmpColorMap[Index].Green;
                    PixelPtr->r = BmpColorMap[Index].Red;
                    PixelPtr->a = AlphaValue;
                    PixelPtr++;
                    
                    Index = ImageValue & 0x0f;
                    PixelPtr->b = BmpColorMap[Index].Blue;
                    PixelPtr->g = BmpColorMap[Index].Green;
                    PixelPtr->r = BmpColorMap[Index].Red;
                    PixelPtr->a = AlphaValue;
                    PixelPtr++;
                }
                if (x < BmpHeader->PixelWidth) {
                    ImageValue = *ImagePtr++;
                    
                    Index = ImageValue >> 4;
                    PixelPtr->b = BmpColorMap[Index].Blue;
                    PixelPtr->g = BmpColorMap[Index].Green;
                    PixelPtr->r = BmpColorMap[Index].Red;
                    PixelPtr->a = AlphaValue;
                    PixelPtr++;
                }
                break;
            
            case 8:
                for (x = 0; x < BmpHeader->PixelWidth; x++) {
                    Index = *ImagePtr++;
                    PixelPtr->b = BmpColorMap[Index].Blue;
                    PixelPtr->g = BmpColorMap[Index].Green;
                    PixelPtr->r = BmpColorMap[Index].Red;
                    PixelPtr->a = AlphaValue;
                    PixelPtr++;
                }
                break;
            
            case 24:
                for (x = 0; x < BmpHeader->PixelWidth; x++) {
                    PixelPtr->b = *ImagePtr++;
                    PixelPtr->g = *ImagePtr++;
                    PixelPtr->r = *ImagePtr++;
                    PixelPtr->a = AlphaValue;
                    PixelPtr++;
                }
                break;
            
        }
    }
    
    return NewImage;
}


int
EFIAPI
main (                                         
  IN int Argc,
  IN char **Argv
  )
{
    EFI_STATUS    Status;
    EG_IMAGE        *Image;	
    UINT8           *FileData=NULL;
    UINTN           FileDataLength;

	
    Status = gBS->LocateProtocol(&GraphicsOutputProtocolGuid, 
						NULL, (VOID **) &GraphicsOutput);
    if (EFI_ERROR(Status)) {
        GraphicsOutput = NULL;
		Print(L"Loading Graphics_Output_Protocol error!\n");
		return EFI_SUCCESS;
	}	
    
	Status=LoadFile(L"test.bmp",&FileData,&FileDataLength);
    Print(L"Get file size [%d]!\n",FileDataLength);	
	
    Image=egDecodeBMP(FileData, FileDataLength, FALSE);

    Print(L"Image height [%d]:width[%d]",
					Image->Height,
					Image->Width);

	GraphicsOutput->Blt(
				GraphicsOutput, 
				(EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_BLT_PIXEL *) Image->PixelData,
				EfiBltBufferToVideo,
                0, 
				0 , 
				0x20, 
				0x0, 
				Image->Width, 
				Image->Height, 0); 					
	
  return EFI_SUCCESS;
  
}

运行结果：

完整代码例子：

ShowBMP

本文同样参考了之前提到的 https://github.com/chengs/UEFI 的代码，再次感谢！